The site of Chibanes was occupied during the 3^rd millennium BC, in the second Iron Age and the Roman Republic period. The three fortification were erected with nearly coincidental layouts, taking advantage of natural conditions of defence.
The Roman Republican era fortification appears to have been built as part of the military campaigns of Roman conquest of the Hispanic West. The architecture of this occupation is overlapping and juxtaposed to the Iron Age wall and organized as two small forts located in town's opposite entrances. To the north, these structures are connected by a wall delimiting the inhabited enclosure (about 2.5 acres). To the south, the site is defended by a sharp natural slope. In the first phase of the late Republican occupation, the military character is more evident than later, when there was a more domestic use of the space.
The material culture (

amphora, metallic artefacts, italic black varnish ceramics) dates the late Republican occupation of Chibanes to between the late 2^nd and mid-1^st century BC. The archaeological information can be articulated with the classic sources. Chibanes may correspond to the ptolemaic Caepiana.